Search results for "learning disabilities"
showing 10 items of 67 documents
L’importanza dei prerequisiti e dello screening precoce nella scuola dell’infanzia
2016
Questo contributo si propone di sottolineare l’importanza di alcune competenze cognitive, detti prerequisiti, che sono implicate nell’acquisizione delle abilità di lettura e scrittura come ad esempio: la conoscenza dell’alfabeto; la consapevolezza fonologica; la denominazione rapida automatica (RAN); la memoria fonologica e la processazione visiva. Numerose ricerche, anche internazionali, mostrano l’importanza dell’esercizio di tali abilità all’interno della scuola dell’infanzia anche ai fini della prevenzione dello sviluppo di difficoltà di apprendimento e/o di veri e propri disturbi nella successiva carriera accademica del bambino. Inoltre, la realizzazione di interventi didattici mirati …
A Register Study Suggesting Homotypic and Heterotypic Comorbidity Among Individuals With Learning Disabilities
2023
The present study examined whether learning disabilities (LD) in reading and/or math (i.e., reading disability [RD], math disability [MD], and RD+MD) co-occur with other diagnoses. The data comprised a clinical sample (n= 430) with LD identified in childhood and a sample of matched controls (n= 2,140). Their medical diagnoses (according to the International Classification of Diseases nosology) until adulthood (20–39 years) were analyzed. The co-occurrence of LD with neurodevelopmental disorders was considered a homotypic comorbidity, and co-occurrence with disorders or diseases from the other diagnostic categories (i.e., mental and behavioral disorders, diseases of the nervous system, injur…
Oppimisen teknologiat osana oppimisen esteitä kohtaavien peruskoululaisten elämää
2017
Tieto- ja viestintäteknologia on merkittävä osa jokapäiväistä elämäämme. Nämä teknologiat ovat löytäneet tiensä kouluihin myös Suomessa, ja erilaisia oppimisen teknologioita onkin otettu ahkerasti käyttöön ympäri maata. Teknologian integroiminen osaksi opetusta ei kuitenkaan aina suju täysin ongelmitta. Laitteiden käytössä saattaa ilmetä ongelmia, ja vaikka infrastruktuuri teknologian käytölle olisikin olemassa, ovat verkkoyhteydet paikoitellen epävakaita. Näiden ongelmien kanssa painivat sekä opettajat että oppilaat. Tämän tutkielman tarkoituksena on tutkia oppimisen teknologioiden vaikutuksia erityisesti oppimisen esteitä kohtaavien oppilaiden oppimiseen. Oppimisen esteitä, kuten erilaisi…
Task-oriented reading efficiency : interplay of general cognitive ability, task demands, strategies and reading fluency
2022
AbstractThe associations among readers’ cognitive skills (general cognitive ability, reading skills, and attentional functioning), task demands (easy versus difficult questions), and process measures (total fixation time on relevant and irrelevant paragraphs) was investigated to explain task-oriented reading accuracy and efficiency (number of scores in a given time unit). Structural equation modeling was applied to a large dataset collected with sixth-grade students, which included samples of dysfluent readers and those with attention difficulties. The results are in line with previous findings regarding the dominant role of general cognitive ability in the accuracy of task-oriented reading…
Using Tic-Tac software to reduce anxiety-related behaviour in adults with autism and learning difficulties during waiting periods: A pilot study
2013
Deficits in the perception of time and processing of changes across time are commonly observed in individuals with autism. This pilot study evaluated the efficacy of the use of the software tool Tic-Tac, designed to make time visual, in three adults with autism and learning difficulties. This research focused on applying the tool in waiting situations where the participants exhibited anxiety-related behaviour. The intervention followed a baseline and intervention (AB) design, and a partial interval recording procedure was used to code the presence of stereotypes, nervous utterances, wandering or other examples of nervousness during the selected waiting situations. The results showed that t…
Revista Fuentes
2022
El actual contexto educativo necesita una intensa alfabetización digital de todo el profesorado, lo que ha requerido una modificación significativa en los perfiles docentes convencionales. En el caso del profesorado especialista en Pedagogía terapéutica que trabaja con alumando con necesidades educativas especiales, la digitalización ha supuesto un desafío. Tales cambios han requerido dotarse de nuevas habilidades para transformar la información en conocimientos, guiar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en un entorno novedoso y generar un espacio de inclusión educativa. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar cuáles son los perfiles de los profesionales especialistas en Pedagogía …
Naming speed and Effortful and Automatic Inhibition in Children with Arithmetic Learning Disabilities
2009
Abstract We report a two-year longitudinal study aimed at investigating the rate of access to numerical and non-numerical information in long-term memory and the functioning of automatic and effortful cognitive inhibition processes in children with arithmetical learning disabilities (ALDs). Twelve children with ALDs, of age 9.3 years, and twelve gender–age-matched controls were involved in the study. Rate of access was measured through digit- and letter-naming tasks, automatic cognitive inhibition was measured using a negative priming paradigm, and effortful cognitive inhibition was measured rating intrusion errors in a working memory task. Children with ALDs suffered from a deficit in the …
Error Detection and Response Adjustment in Youth With Mild Spastic Cerebral Palsy
2013
This study evaluated the brain activation state during error making in youth with mild spastic cerebral palsy and a peer control group while carrying out a stimulus recognition task. The key question was whether patients were detecting their own errors and subsequently improving their performance in a future trial. Findings indicated that error responses of the group with cerebral palsy were associated with weak motor preparation, as indexed by the amplitude of the late contingent negative variation. However, patients were detecting their errors as indexed by the amplitude of the response-locked negativity and thus improved their performance in a future trial. Findings suggest that the con…
Enabling the full participation of university students with disabilities: seeking best practices for a barrier-free language centre
2015
Recent research has shown that 3.4% of university students in Finland have a diagnosed or observed illness or disability that affects their learning at the university level. The University of Jyväskylä Language Centre embarked on an organised, ongoing research and intervention project to enable appropriate teaching practices to suit the needs of all students. The process, thus far, has shown there is a need to clarify the rights and obligations of students and teachers to enable an atmosphere of mutual trust. A survey of the Language Centre teachers showed that all had taught students with disabilities during their university careers. Teachers wanted more information about disabilities, suc…